刑事自由裁量权与刑法基本原则关系研究

刑法基本原则不但是制定、解释和适用刑法的准则,而且体现了刑法的基本精神。刑事自由裁量权是刑法适用过程中普遍存在的一种权力。罪刑法定原则并不排斥刑事自由裁量权,罪刑法定原则认可以严格规则为主、以自由裁量为补充的立法模式。自由裁量权对适用刑法人人平等原则有一定的冲击,所谓的适用刑法人人平等实际上是包括了自由裁量因素在内的相对意义的人人平等。罪责刑相适应原则,在本质上确认法官的刑事自由裁量权,罪责刑相适应原则与法官的自由裁量权具相辅相成性。

A Study of the Relationship Between Discretion and the Fundamental Principles of Criminal Law

The fundamental principles of criminal law not only serve as criteria of formulation,interpretation and application,but also reflect the basic spirit of criminal law while discretion is a ubiquitous power in administering criminal law.Nullum crimen sine lege(No crime without law making it so) does not contradict with discretion.While emphasizing legislative strict rules,the principle approves discretion as a kind of supplement.At first glance,discretion seems to be detrimental to the principle that everyone is equal before criminal law.But the fact is that the principle only indicates a comparative equality that contains the elements of discretion.The principle of prescribed punishment for a specified crime in essence recognizes the discretion of judges in criminal proceedings and is inseparably interconnected with discretion.