大鼠急性八角莲中毒的组织病理学变化

目的观察大鼠急性八角莲中毒后主要器官的病理形态学改变,探讨急性八角莲中毒的作用机制及其对靶器官、靶组织的损伤影响。方法随机将40只SD大鼠,分为3个实验组(0.5、1.0和2.0倍LD50剂量的八角莲水煎剂灌胃)和1个对照组(1.0倍LD50剂量的生理盐水灌胃)。大鼠在八角莲急性染毒后14d处死,解剖取脑、心、肝、肺、肾,样品经组织病理学处理后,光镜和电镜下观察大鼠主要器官病理形态学改变。实验数据采用χ2检验进行统计学分析。结果光镜观察结果:神经元胞质疏松,大部分尼氏小体消失;心肌细胞肿胀,润盘及横纹结构消失;肝细胞水肿、气球样变;肾近曲小管上皮细胞肿胀,管腔内见蛋白质样红色淡染物质。电镜观察结果:神经元细胞膜及核膜结构破坏,胞质明显水肿,细胞器大多已破坏、消失。急性染毒后4组大鼠死亡率随着剂量的增加而增高(P0.05)。结论急性八角莲中毒可引起多器官病理形态学改变,其毒性作用与剂量呈正相关性,且主要靶组织、靶器官为脑(神经元)、心、肝和肾。

Pathological Changes in Rats with Acute Dysosma Versipellis Poisoning

Objective To observe the pathological changes of major organs in rats with acute Dysosma versipellis poisoning and investigate the toxic mechanismand the injuries of target tissues and organs. Methods Forty Sprague-Daw ley （SD） rats were random ly divided into three experimental groups, which were given the gavage with 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0LD50 doses of Dysosma versipellis decoction, and one con-trol group, which was given the gavage with 1.0LD50 dose of normal saline. The rats were sacrificed 14 days after Dysosma versipellis poisoning and sam ples including brain, heart, liver, lung, and kidney were taken. After pathological process, the pathological changes of the major organs and tissues were observed by light microscope and electron microscope. The experimental data were statistical analyzed by x2 test. Results The observations of light microscopy： loose cytoplasmof neurons with loss of most Nissl bodies;swelling of m yocardial cells with disappearance of intercalated disk and striations;hepato-cellular edema with ballooning degeneration; and swelling epithelial cells of renal proximal convoluted tubule with red light coloring protein-like substances in the tube. The observations of electron microscopy：the structures of cell mem brane and nuclear mem brane of neurons were destroyed;cytoplasmof neurons, obvious edema;and most organelles, destroyed and disappeared. The mortalities of rats after acute poi-soning of the four groups increased with doses （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Acute Dysosma versipellis poisoning can cause multi-organ pathological changes. There is apositive correlation between the toxic effect and the dosage. The target tissues and organs are brain （neurons）, heart, liver and kidney.