金属硫蛋白-Ⅰ/Ⅱ在脑损伤修复中的机制及其法医学应用

金属硫蛋白(metallothionein,MT)是一种金属结合蛋白,其中MT-Ⅰ/Ⅱ是其重要成员,能够调节脑内金属离子代谢和解毒以及清除自由基,具有抗炎症反应和抗氧化应激的作用,对脑组织有保护作用。最新研究表明,MT-Ⅰ/Ⅱ可刺激脑内抗炎因子、生长因子、神经营养因子及其受体的表达,并可促进神经元轴突延长,有利于神经元再生,在脑损伤修复过程中起重要作用。基于这些发现,本文对MT-Ⅰ/Ⅱ的结构、表达、分布、调节,在脑损伤修复中的作用及机制,同时也对其在法医学中的应用前景进行阐述,为脑损伤药物的研制和脑创伤时间的推断提供新的思路。

Metallothionein-Ⅰ/Ⅱ in Brain Injury Repair Mechanism and Its Application in Forensic Medicine

M etallothionein （MT） is a kind of metal binding protein. As an im portant mem ber in metalloth-ionein fam ily, MT-Ⅰ/Ⅱ regulates metabolismand detoxication of brain metal ion and scavenges free radicals. It is capable of anti-inflam matory response and anti-oxidative stress so as to protect the brain tissue. During the repair process of brain injury, the latest study showed that MT-Ⅰ/Ⅱ could stim ulate brain anti-inflam matory factors, grow th factors, neurotrophic factors and the expression of the receptor, and prom ote the extension of axon of neuron,wich makes contribution to the regeneration of neuron and has im portant effect on the recovery of brain injury. Based on the findings, this article reviews the struc-ture, expression, distribution, adjustion, function, mechanism in the repair of brain injury of MT-Ⅰ/Ⅱand its application prospect in forensic medicine. It could provide anew approach for the design and manufacture of brain injury drugs as well as for age estimation of the brain injury.