在中国建立中央法院系统的思考

设置中央（联邦）法院系统是大多数单一制和联邦制国家司法体制的共同特征。在中国设置中央法院系统不仅可以保障司法公正和提高司法效率，而且有着克服法律实施中地方保护主义问题的现实意义。设置中央法院系统的基本理论依据和逻辑前提是中央（联邦）政府拥有事权。有事权就应当有立法权、执法权以及司法权，有司法权就需要有自己的法院系统。文章对在中国如何设置中央法院系统、中央法院系统的受案范围及设置中央法院系统后的配套改革等方面做了初步探讨。

Thoughts of Establishing the Federal Court System in China

Establishing the Central Court system is a common feature both in Unitary system country and Federal system country. In China, the central Court system can not only guarantee the judicial justice and im- prove judicial efficiency, but also can overcome the local protectionism. The basic theory and logic premise to establishing central court system is that the Federal government has authority. If a government has authority, the government should has Legislation, law enforcement and judicial power. Then, it needs its own central Court system. This article will discuss how to establish the central Court system in China, the range of juris- diction in the central Court, the supporting reforms after establishing the central Court in China and so on.