挪用资金罪中“归个人使用”的教义学诠释

与挪用公款罪相比,挪用资金罪的“归个人使用”具有独特的内涵,其独特性源于该罪的规范目的,即维护“私法领域中的身份契约制度规范”的有效性。只有违反身份契约制度规范的“个人决定”,才能损害身份契约制度规范的有效性,才能凸显挪用资金罪的不法。“个人决定”是“归个人使用”要件的题中之义,是挪用资金罪中重要的归责依据。挪用资金罪的“归个人使用”是指,个人决定将本单位资金供本人、亲友等自然人或者其他单位使用,并具有“以个人名义进行的”或者“以单位名义进行,谋取个人利益的”情形。

The Dogmatic Interpretation of "For Personal Use" in the Crime of Fund-Misappropriation

Comparing with the crime of public fund misappropriation,"For Personal Use"in the crime of fund misappropriation has its unique connotation,which is attributed to the purpose of the norm concerning such crime,i.e.the maintenance of the validity of"the norms on identity contract in private law".Only those"Personal Decisions"which violate norms on the identity contract can damage the validity of such norms and reveal the illegality in the crime of fund misappropriation."Personal Decision"is a requirement contained in the element"For Personal Use"and the important basis for culpability in the crime of fund misappropriation."For Personal Use"in the crime of fund misappropriation means that the perpetrator makes personal decision to offer the fund of his own unit to natural persons including himself,his relatives or friends,or other units for use and falls under any of the following circumstances:(1)providing the fund in his own name;or(2)providing the fund in the name of his unit to obtain personal benefits.