建国60年来中国地方行政区划和府际关系的变革与展望

地方行政区划和府际关系的重构是20世纪以来中国现代国家制度建设工程的重要内容．关系到国家的政治稳定和地方社会经济的可持续发展。建国60年来，中国地方行政区划和府际关系的调整和改革，基本上延续了传统中国的治理逻辑和治理术，即以属地管辖和行政内部发包制为特征、由职权同构和行政分权构成的多层级的地方政府结构为基本治理结构。为适应工业化、市场化和城市化的现实要求，中国地方行政区划和府际关系必须根据法治政府、责任政府和公共服务型政府的制度设计，对既有的地方治理结构进行改革和调整。以民主化和地方自治促进和改善地方治理，使地方行政区划和府际关系以及相应的产权、财税权和人事权等制度走向法治化、制度化和规范化。

Changes and Prospects of China Administrative Division and Relationships between Levels of Government over the Past 60 Years

The reconstruction of local administrative divisions and relations between levels of government has been an important content of construction of modern state institutions in China since the 20th century, which concerns the nation's political stability and social and economic sustainable development in regions. Since the founding of PRC in 1949, the adjustment and reform of China administrative divisions and local government relations are basically a continuation of the logic and tactics of traditional Chinese governance, that is, the basic governance structure is characterized by territorial jurisdiction and contractually administrative task, with multi-level structure of local government in terms of authority isomorphism and administrative decentralization. To adapt to industrialization, urbanization, marketization and the practical requirements, China administrative divisions and local government relations must be reformed and adjusted with reference to institutional design of government by law, and with accountability and service-orientation. Local governance must be facilitated and promoted by democracy and local autonomy, which allows local administrative divisions, government relations and the corresponding institutions such as property rights, taxation rights and personnel system to adapt to the rule of law, institutionalization and standardization.