256例儿童和少年道路交通事故伤残评定回顾性研究

目的 探讨儿童和少年道路交通事故活体损伤的流行病学、损伤及伤残评定特点。方法 对256例儿童和少年道路交通事故伤残评定资料进行回顾性研究。结果 男性多于女性,多见于6～18岁儿童,交通事故每天10～12时和16～18时最多,车辆类型以小汽车和货车多见,肇事方式多见于机动车与行人相撞,伤者的交通方式以步行多见,损伤部位以头部和四肢多见,损伤类型以骨折、挫伤、创多见,但内脏损伤相对较轻,下肢骨折远多于上肢。损伤程度多评定为轻伤,伤残程度以Ⅸ、Ⅹ级轻度伤残为主(33.2％)。结论 儿童和少年道路交通事故伤残评定应适当放宽标准,伤残评定标准应增加儿童和少年的有关条款。

A retrospective study on 256 cases of assessment for body impairment of the injured children and teenagers in road traffic accidents

Objective Review the epidemiology, injuries and assessments for body impairment on the injured children and teenagers in road traffic accidents (RTAs). Methods The data of 256 cases of assessment for body impairment of the injured children and teenagers in RATs was studied retro spectively. Results Boys were injured more than girls, mainly 6-18 years of age. RATs occurred mostly in 10-12a.m and 4-6p.m. The types of vehicles were mostly car and wagon. The commonest accidents were injury of pedestrians. The sites of injures were mainly head and extremities, the commonest injures were fracture, contusion and wound, the degree of internal organ injuries was relatively slight, the fracture of lower extremities was far more often than the upper extremities. Most of the injuries were assessed to be of medial injury. In most of the cases the rate of disability was evaluated to be lighe (33.2%), in which Ⅸ , Ⅹ grade were the commonest. Conclusion The criterion of assessment for body impairment of the injured in RTAs should be broadened properly, some special items for children and teenagers should be added.