当前我国政策绩效的价值取向解读

理论上,政策绩效不同于政策结果之处在于它对其内在价值及其行为方式改变的特别关注,因而具有较强的价值意蕴.政策绩效在社会转型中的"应然"状态与"实然"现实之间的差别,就是政策问题存在的闭区间.在此基础上,公共政策的自由裁量权、公共政策的回应性、有效性、公共性、公民精神以及治理、善治等作为一种"绩效指标",对政策绩效及其实现程度等都有很大的影响.社会转型时期各种特质的社会问题的大量积聚、政府主导的政策模式、公民社会的不健全等,首先作为一种"自变量",影响着当下我国的现实政策绩效,某种程度上决定了公共政策的自由裁量权、回应性、有效性、公共性、公民精神等的存在形式和发生作用路径;另一方面,作为"因变量",它们被嵌入不同的制度运行、政策实践以及社会生活的各个环节中,成为一种既定的公共政策价值取向,决定着当下各种利益诉求、利益整合、利益分配、利益落实等的性质和内容.在技术和价值之间,政策绩效找到了其存在的基本空间.

The Value Orientation Interpretation of China's Policy Performance

Theoretically, policy performance is quite different from policy outcome in that the former pays special attention to the inner value as well as the behaviour changes in the policy process, thus it has a lot of value implications. The gaps between the "promising" and the "actual" states of policy performance are the domain of policy problems. Based on the above, the responses, effectiveness, publicity, citizenship, governance and good governance of public policy, as the "indicators of the performance", have much influence on the realization of policy performance. The characteristics of China's social transition-such as the great collection of social problems, the government-dominated policy pattern and the imperfection of civil society-play a key role in China's policy performance. On the one hand, as "independent variables", those characteristics affect the actual policy performance, and to some extent determine the forms as well as the paths of public policy's responses, effectiveness, publicity, citizenship, governance, good governance; on the other hand, as "dependent variables", they are embedded in the implementation of institutions and policy and therefore implicate a sort of value orientation included in the public policy, which determines the nature and substance of the interest-seeking, interest-integration, interest-allocation and the interest-formation. It is obvious that the policy performance has got some basic room between techniques and values.