二元规范理论下的法律原则检讨

当下法律原则理论的论争重心,已从"法律是什么"的概念分析,转向了司法实践中的原则裁判。自德沃金以来的"规则-原则"二元规范理论,对实际的司法裁判的解说力和作用力较为有限,也未能解决原则权衡这一关键性问题。"融贯性"命题和"籍由法政策权衡进行裁判"命题,是原则裁判理论的两大基石。但德沃金对融贯性命题的回答过于抽象,而阿列克希依比例原则和权重公式对权衡命题和原则理论的最新推进,却是一种不成功的自反性进化。这种自反性进化和理论反讽,表明作为一种"过度整合式"的裁判理论,原则裁判已然走到了穷途末路。

Reconsideration of Legal Principles under the Theory of Dual Norms

The current debate over the theory of legal principles has shifted its focus from the conceptual analysis of"what is law"to adjudication according to principles in judicial practices.The theory of dual norms,rules and principles developed by Ronald Dworkin,fails to offer a sufficient explanation of adjudication and thus only plays a limited role in actual adjudication.The theory is also unable to solve the key issue of balancing principles in conflicts.The theses of"coherence"and"adjudication through legal policy balancing"are deemed two cornerstones of the theory of adjudication according to principles.But Dworkin’s answer to the thesis of coherence is too abstract,and Alexy’s latest development of the theory of principles,his principle of proportionality and weight formula,is an unsuccessful as well as self-contradictory evolution.This self-contradictory evolution and theoretical irony suggest that adjudication according to principles,as a"hyper-integration"theory of adjudication,has already come to a dead end.