公共物品供应和生产的分离与“俘获”的发生——对地方“政绩工程”的另一种分析路径

在公共物品的多中心供给模式中,供给过程往往被划分为供应和生产两个环节,并且分别被赋予了不同的职能定位,这种分离试图为应对公共物品通常供给不足的问题提供解决方案。然而,从公共选择的视角来看,以效率为核心的生产对供应的反馈作用、对公共物品的产出有可能产生影响,表现为有关公共物品决策的政治过程中的俘获行为加深,导致供给产出量的扭曲。在我国地方公共物品的供给实践中,这种现象表现为政绩工程的产生,即作为公共物品供应者的地方政府受到作为生产者的营利性组织俘获行为的影响,导致某些公共效用低下的公共物品产出过剩。因此,实行供应与生产相分离必须以公众偏好更有效地表达为前提,确保更具有公共性的公共选择结果,同时加强对政府采购的监管。

Division between Provision and Production in Public Goods Supply and Occurrence of "Capture"——Another Analytical Method on Local "Construction for Political Achievement"

The process of public goods supply with Multi-center is divided into two parts which are oriented different function. They are provision and production. The goal of division is to provide a solution on shortage of public goods supply. From the views of system theory and public choice theory, the division changes the functions of value distribution which also incur the feedback to provision by effectiveness-oriented production. The feedback aggravates the capture which occurs in public policy making on publi...