论盗掘古文化遗址、古墓葬罪

盗掘古文化遗址、古墓葬罪是一种常见的犯罪 ,主观方面 ,本罪表现为故意 ,并以非法占有为目的 ;侵犯的客体为复杂客体 ,即同时侵犯了国家对古文化遗址、古墓葬的管理秩序和所有权 ;客观方面 ,盗掘行为原则上是单一的危害行为 ,行为人在盗掘古文化遗址、古墓葬后 ,又把从中窃取的珍贵文物出售给外国人牟利的 ,应实行数罪并罚。窃取古文化遗址、古墓葬中埋藏的可移动文物 ,不应定盗窃罪而应以本罪论处。文物鉴定专家应来自中介机构或与文物行政部门无隶属关系的教学科研机构 ,以保证鉴定意见的客观、公正

On the Crime of Illegally Excavating and Robbing Ancient Cultural Sites or Ancient Tombs

The crime of illegally excavating and robbing ancient cultural sites or ancient tombs is a common crime. As to the subjective aspect, the crime is intentional and the purpose of it is to occupy. The object being invaded is a complex one, i.e. both the order that the state controls the ancient cultural sites and ancient tombs and the ownership have been invaded. In the objective aspect, the act of digging and robbing is a single harmful act in principle. After digging and robbing the ancient cultural sites or ancient tombs, the actors sell the stolen precious cultural relics to foreigners to make profits. Joinder of punishments for plural crimes should be rendered. Stealing removable cultural relics from the ancient cultural sites or ancient tombs shall not be convicted of the crime of illegally digging and robbing, but the crime of illegally excavating and robbing ancient cultural sites or ancient tombs. The experts of cultural relics evaluation should come from neutral intermediary institutes or teaching and researching institutes not subjecting to the administrative departments of cultural relics to safeguard the evaluation opinions being objective and just.