论传统中国的“性情司法”及其实际效应

从文本形式看,传统中国法律的篇章结构、条文体系具有超强的稳定性,有的可以因袭数千年,但法律文本规制与司法实践效应之间存在极大反差,文本的预期价值往往难以实现。其中一个重要原因就是司法主体的性情取向对司法实际效应的影响明显。通过类型化分析,传统中国以皇帝及官员为主的司法主体的性情取向可以归纳为:躬亲狱讼型、宽大仁恕型、秉公行法型、才情饱满型、揆情酌理型、残忍冷酷型、慵懒昏朽型等几大类,它们直接影响到司法的公正性、效率性及社会性效应。研究传统中国法律的价值与功能,既要注意法律文本,更要注意其运作状况及实际效应,考察和分析司法主体的性情司法及其实际效应,不失为一个独特视角。

On the Disposition-based Judgment and Its Actual Effects in Traditional China

Based the pattern of version,the organization of rules and structure of chapters,those of traditional Chinese law are much stable and some can even hand down thousands of years.However,the regulation of legal version is in very sharp contrast with judicial actual effect.Frequently,the value expectation of legal version is hardly achieved.By typified analysis,in traditional Chinese society the disposition orientation of different judicial subjects,which most of them are emperors and officials,can be classifi...