民事诉讼指定管辖立法规定的问题与完善

从大陆法系国家有关指定管辖的一般理论以及具体立法规定的角度上看,我国现行指定管辖立法存在重大缺陷,这些缺陷涉及指定管辖行为的性质、适用范围、运行程序以及当事人申请指定管辖的权利保障等问题。立法存在的问题主要源于指定管辖立法目的与价值追求上的偏差,立法观念与立法方式上的不足。立法规定存在的问题,一旦受到现实社会诸多不当因素对民事司法活动的影响,会在较大程度上造成指定管辖司法适用上的混乱。为此,需要立法在借鉴域外大陆法系国家有关指定管辖通行理论以及立法规定的基础上,明确指定管辖应有的目标与基本价值追求,矫正对于指定管辖性质及其立法观念问题的认识,以及对于指定管辖适用程序所涉及的诸多问题进行必要的修改、完善。

Problems and Improvement of the Legislation of the Designated Jurisdiction of Civil Procedure

Seen from the general theory of civil law system and the specific legislative provisions, there are some defects in the current legislation of the designated jurisdiction in China, related to the nature, scope of application, operating procedures and protection of the rights of the parties to apply to the designated jurisdiction.The problems existing in legislation are mainly due to the deviation of the legislative purpose and value pursuit of the designated jurisdiction, the lack of legislative ideas and legislative methods.Furthermore, the civil judicial activities once affected by many improper factors in the real society caused by the problems existing in legislation, will result in the confusion of the judicial application of the designated jurisdiction to a great extent.For this reason, it is necessary to draw lessons from the theory and legislation of the designated jurisdiction in foreign countries of civil law system, specify the objective and basic value pursuit, correct the understanding of the nature and legislative idea of designated jurisdiction problem, and make necessary amendments and improvements in the problems of the designated jurisdiction applicable procedures.