试论建立健全我国海外流失文物追索法律制度——从唐贞顺皇后陵墓被盗文物境外成功追回谈起

唐贞顺皇后陵墓被盗文物境外成功追回，得益于法律保障、专业技术和国际合作三个方面。但我国追索海外流失文物的工作仍很严峻。我国在海外流失文物追索过程中面临的主要法律困境包括证据资料搜集困难，缺乏适格诉讼主体，欠缺稳定的专业技术支持以及缺少专门追索机构。我国应借鉴国外先进经验制定《流失文物追索法》，对流失文物的性质、所有权归属以及追索原则等问题予以系统规定，并应成立专门的追索机构，从而有效解决追索过程中的法律依据、证据以及专业技术支持等问题。

On Legislation on the Recovery of Cultural Relics Lost Abroad

The objects stolen from the Zhen shun-Tang＇ s tomb have been recovered successfully, which benefit from legal protection, expertise and international cooperation, but the work of the recourse of cultural relics lost overseas is still grim. There are many difficulties faced in the process of recovery, such as the lack of eligible subject of litigation,lack of a specialized institution of recourse, difficulties on the evidence collection, and the lack of expertise. Learning from the advanced experience of other countries,we should make ＂the Law on Recovery of the Cultural Relics Lost Overseas＂, which will prescribe the nature and ownership of the cultural relics lost overseas, and the principles of the law systematically, and a specialized agency of recovery affairs, in order to resolve the legal basis, evidence and technical support, and other problems.