女性非正规就业的影响因素研究 ——基于中国社会状况综合调查的实证分析

系统考察女性劳动者选择非正规就业的因素,不仅对揭示其非正规就业选择的机理具有重要意义,而且对其权益保护也具有深远影响。本研究基于中国社会状况综合调查(CSS)数据,分析女性非正规就业的影响因素,并考察影响非正规就业女性选择不同就业身份和职业类型的因素。研究结果表明:非正规就业已经成为女性非农就业的主要途径;户籍等个体特征、家庭中子女数量等家庭因素以及所在地区等对女性劳动者非正规就业选择有显著影响,而人力资本不但对女性非正规就业的选择有显著影响,对其就业身份和职业类型的选择也有显著影响。研究建议:应完善非正规就业政策,结合影响女性非正规就业的因素制定措施保障其合法权益,提升女性劳动者的人力资本水平,进而提高女性非正规就业劳动者的就业质量。

A Study On the Factors Affecting Women' s Informal Employment An Empirical Analysis Based on the Chinese Social Survey

A systematic study on the factors affecting female workers'' choices of informal employment is not only of great significance for revealing the mechanism of their informal employment choices, but also has a profound impact on the protection of their rights and interests. Based on the data from the Chinese Social Survey (CSS), this study analyzes the factors that affect women''s informal employment, and examines the factors affecting women* s choices of different employment identities and types of occupations. The results show that the informal employment has become the main channel for women''s non-agricultural employment. Moreover, personal characteristics and family factors such as household registration, the number of children in the family and economic regions have a significant impact on female workers'' informal employment choices. Human capital, however, has a significant impact not only on women1 s choices of informal employment, but also on their choices of employment identity and types of occupations. The result of this study suggests that informal employment policies be improved, and measures be formulated by combining with factors affecting women1 s informal employment to protect their legal rights, raise the level of human capital of female workers, and thereby improve the quality of informal employment of female workers.