论客观归责与过失不法

传统过失论有可取之处也有明显缺陷,有待扬弃。客观归责理论站在新过失论的立场上,在实质化、规范化、精细化的方向上改造、发展了传统过失犯理论。但客观归责理论对过失不法的改造是有限的,传统过失论中的诸概念不应一概抛弃。对于客观归责理论框架下的过失不法,在制造危险的判断上,应站在事前的立场,参考行政规则、交往规范等因素,以"一般人+特别人"的能力为标准进行考察;在危险实现的判断上,应站在事后的立场,考察结果回避可能性、规范保护目的以及介入其他因素时对于归责的影响。

A Discussion on Objective Imputation and the Illegality in Negligence

Traditional negligent theories have both merits and defects,and thus need be developed and abandoned respectively.On the position of new negligent theory,objective imputation theory reforms and promotes the negligent theories in the direction of substantialization,standardization and refinement.However,the transform of traditional illegality theories by objective imputation theory is limited,and several concepts of traditional theories should not be abandoned.With respect to the negligent crime under the framework of objective imputation theory,on the one hand,we should judge its ability of producing dangerous by standing in the prior position with the standard of the ability of "general person+ special person",consulting the administrative rules and communication norms and other relevant elements;on the other hand,we should judge its ability of achieving dangerous by standing in the ex post facto position,researching the possibility of evasion,regulating the purposes of norm protection,and the influences of other elements.