法经济学视角中的举证责任倒置:原因和意义

举证责任倒置是在程序法中对"谁主张,谁举证"的基本举证责任分配原则的衡平,是一种给予在某些特殊侵权行为案件中受损害当事人的特殊法律救济方法.其实体法基础是在这些特殊侵权行为中民法上对侵权责任归责原则的特殊规定,而其更深层次的经济原因却是由于行为人在行为中的注意成本合理与否所导致的.本文以初步的经济分析方法探究注意成本与行为人行为之间的关系,以及这种结果对程序法上举证责任倒置的影响,然后在这个层面上分析举证责任倒置的根源,旨在提出对特殊侵权行为案件中受损害的当事人的原则性法律救济方法.

The Inversion of Onus of Proof in Law Economics Angle of View:Reason and Meaning

The inversion of onus of proof is a very important proof system in modern society. This system is not only the equity of the basic proof principle, but also an equitable remedy for those parties injured in some special infringement of right cases. This inversion system is based on the provisions of some material law, and in these special cases the civil law prescribes the special principle of liability for tort at the same time. While the deep reason for the inversion of onus of proof is the economical drive. That is the behavior of each rational person must depend on the cost of care. Here, the author analyses the relation between the behavior and the cost of care roughly with the economic analysis. And through the analysis, the author puts forward the economic and social reason of the inversion of onus of proof.