领事通知问题论要

领事协助是一国保护本国在国外公民的重要方式，当一国公民在所在国受到羁押、拘禁时，其获得领事协助的前提是其本国驻该国的驻外国领事机关获得领事通知。近年来国际法院在布雷德案、拉格朗案、阿维纳案等案件中针对《维也纳领事关系公约》第36条1款作出了美国违背其向有关国家领事的通知义务和告知当事人其获得领事帮助的义务的判决，法院认为公约赋予个人以权利，即当事人有领事通知权。领事通知的一体两面在于对所在国为一项义务，对外国当事人则为其享有的权利。领事通知的发展反映了人权背景下对外国人保护的加强，主权国应该重视在对外国人执法和司法过程中的进行领事通知。海外中国公民应当注意运用领事通知权保护自己的权利。

On the Essential Issues Concerning Consular Notification

Consular assistance is an important style for a country to protect her citizens overseas.When a citizen overseas was in custody,in detention or in criminal procedure,consular notification is an important premise for him to get consular assistance.In recent years,the ICJ gave continuous judgments in the Bread case,the La Grand case and the Avena case that the U.S violated its obligations of consular notification according to the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations,in which the ICJ considered that convent...