公权力、私权利与法律保留——从“山西煤改”事件切入

“山西煤改”事件表明，公权力与私权利的边界如果放任政府文件自行调整，公民权利易受到肆意侵犯；但交由法律完全保留则会压制地方政府应对治理危机的能力。对此，在中国的现实与制度语境下，一方面可适当通过立法主体与规则位阶的下移来弥合政府治理与权利保障之间的紧张；另一方面，也是更为重要的一面，就是通过对法律保留事项与方式的选择，以实体上的抽象保留和程序上的具体保留来规范公权力对私权利边界的调整，搭建一个刚性而又不失灵活的法治平台，以便不同的立法（广义）主体和规则发挥各自的优势，最终实现公共利益与公民权利的双赢。

Government Power,Private Rights and Legal Reservation-Starting from the Event of Coal Industry Reform in Shanxi Province

It seems from the event of coal industry reform in Shanxi Province that private rights will be easily infringed on if governments have the power to self - adjust the boundary between government power and privaterights. However, the ability of governments to deal with social crisis will be weakened if the boundary is ruled completely by law. In this regard, under the context of China, it may be appropriate to allow the administrativelegislation to partake NPC legislation. On the other hand, it is more important to construct a flat of rule of law through abstract reservation and specific reservation of law on which both public interests and citizen rights can beprotected.