大鼠脑损伤分级自由落体打击模型的建立

目的建立一个控制性与重复性好,并可分级的脑损伤动物模型。方法根据自由落体原理,使击锤从不同的高度下落,造成轻、中、重不同程度的大鼠脑损伤,肉眼、光镜观察损伤的程度。结果肉眼、光镜观察下出现可分级的病理学改变。轻度损伤组病理改变局限于大鼠大脑皮质浅层,中度损伤组病理改变可见于大脑皮质及深部白质内的基底核、海马、胼胝体、丘脑,重度损伤组病理改变除中度损伤累及部位外,还累及脑干。挫伤灶周围神经元变性、坏死范围和程度随损伤程度的加重而增大。各组内每只动物所受损伤程度一致。结论该模型制作出常见的闭合性颅脑加速伤损伤,致伤程度较一致,重复性好,可分级,是脑损伤实验研究较合适的动物模型。

Animal model of graded impact brain injury in rats

Objective To produce a new animal model of brain injury by graded impact. Methods The model of graded impact brain injury in rats was set up by utilizing a new weight-drop device designed. Pathological changes were observed in 78 rats. Results With the increased extent of trauma, brain contusion became evident. In mild injury group, pathological lesions were detected in superficial layer of cerebral cortex under impact area. In moderate injury group, pathological lesions of basal nuclei, hippocampus, corpus callosum and thalamus in deep cerebral cortex were observed. In severe injury group, pathological lesions deepened to brainstem with more extensive supratentorial brain lesion. Conclusion The results indicated that the mechanism of the cerebral contusion in the model was similar to that of accelerating brain injury in practice, and the animal model created will be useful for further study on the pathophysiological mechanism following traumatic brain injury to of various degree.