保护性政策与妇女公共参与——湖北广水H村"性别两票制"选举试验观察与思考

保护性政策为什么没有改变农村妇女公共参与"推而不动"的状态?这与政策运行的村庄社会基础有很大的关联性.本文考察了一项保护性政策实验中村庄社会的不同反应,发现自上而下的保护性政策在输入到村庄社会的过程中,会遭到不同程度的抵制;对于村庄层级链条中位置不同的妇女,保护性程度不同,其公共参与程度也不同;同时,它并没有改变男性主导村庄权力结构的局势,还加深了两性隔离.为此,制定政策应该充分尊重村庄妇女公共参与三级链分层现状,使政策的保护性力量在这个链条上出现增量式发展;应该建立有效的配套机制,改变"两性场域"不对等分割状况,实现和谐式参与.

Protection Policies and Women's Public Participation: Observation of the Experiment with "Votes Disaggregated by Sex" in H Village in Guangshui, Hubei

Why protection policies have not affected the stagnation of rural women's public participation? This has a lot to do with the social conditions of the villages in which the protection policies were implemented.This paper discusses observations of different responses to the implementation of a protection policy in a village and the varying degrees of resistance from above and below to the introduction of the policy to the village.Women who have different status in the village have different levels of protection and different levels of participation.This policy,however,has not changed the state of male domination in the village but deepened segregation between women and men.The paper suggests that future protection policies pay attention to the existence of three levels of the chain of rural women's participation and add value to development on the chain.It is also important to develop effective mechanisms to change unbalanced segregation between the sexes and help promote balanced and harmonious participation.