整体性治理视角下中国农村扶贫脱贫实践过程研究

农村贫困治理内嵌于国家治理现代化的进程中。它既是一项系统性的国家工程,也是当代中国治理的大问题,因而呈现出内在的复杂性与多维性,并要求多元化的治理思维、逻辑和方法等内容。农村扶贫脱贫实践过程体现着整体性治理的内在特质与行动逻辑。扶贫行为主体利用独特新颖的措施和手段,丰富和完善了其内涵,从而提升了它的适应性和实践性。本文基于当代中国本土化的治理资源,构筑以执政党主体性回归、党政同职同责、内外监督和综合施策等要素为内在结构的整体性贫困治理模式。中国农村扶贫脱贫实践过程中,也存在着不足:过强的协调与整合制约了职能部门的专业性;责任过度网格化和精细化带来了责任泛化、转嫁和无限责任等问题;基层行动者出现的认知偏差导致对服务设施“对号入座”属性认识不足等一系列衍生性问题。有效规避和消解这些问题,有助于提升农村地区的治理效能,进而为国家治理现代化提供一些有益的治理资源和治理智慧。

Research on the Practice Process of Rural Poverty Alleviation in China from the Perspective of Holistic Governance

The practical process for poverty alleviation in rural China embodies the inherent characteristics and the action logic of holistic governance.Behavioral agents of poverty alleviation by unique and novel measures and means enrich and optimize the models of holistic governance and thus improve the adaptability and practicality.Based on the localized governance resources in contemporary China,a holistic governance model for poverty alleviation emerges.The model constituted by the subjectivity return of the ruling party and the identical function and accountability of the party and the government,as well as the supervision by internal and external parties and the implementation of the comprehensive measures.The study of this model also reveals its shortcomings:the excessive coordination and integration sets restrictions on the professionalism of functional departments,and the overrigid and fragmented mechanism leads to the overrun,the transference and the limitlessness of accountability,and the cognitive deviation of grassroots actors causes such problems as an insufficient understanding of pigging on holing to Service Facilities.The effectiveness of governance will be improved in rural areas if these problems avoided and eliminated effectively,consequently,some beneficial resources and wisdom of governance for the modernization of state governance will be presented as well.