论儒家法律思想中的民本主义精神

在先秦各学术流派中,西周宗法制度影响下产生的儒家思想源远流长,对后世影响深远。其中,儒家的法律思想作为儒家法文化的精髓,极大地体现了民本主义的精神。无论在对“民”的“关注”、“重视”上,还是在对统治者的“德”和“贤”的要求上,都极其明显地体现了民本主义的大方向。这可谓是一种相当理性而早熟的思维方式,但是由于文明的发展程度不够,以及没有相应配套的制度支持,使得“爱民”的目的无法达到,“民意”也遭到曲解。尽管如此,儒家法律思想中的“民本”精神的合理内容仍具有极大的现实意义,值得我们借鉴。

On the Spirit of Taking People as Foundation in Confucianism's Legal Thought

In all schools of thought of the pre-Qin period,Confucianism was of long standing and well established under the influence of Western Zhou Dynasty,which remains a far-reaching meaning to later age.Among them,the legal thoughts of the confucianists have greatly reflected the spirit of taking people as foundation.Either to "the people's attention",or to "the ruler's virtue" has extremely reflected the general orientation of the spirit of taking people as foundation.This may be a quite rational and early-maturing mode of thinking,but because civilized development degree is not enough,and there is no corresponding and related system to support,it's difficult to realize the purpose of "loving the people",and the "will of the people" is twisted too.Even so,the confucianists "taking people as foundation" still sounds reasonable,and is worth drawing lessons from it for us.