人民调解与传统民间调解的关系探析

虽然传统民间调解与人民调解都是运用调解的手段来解决民间纠纷,但是对这两种纠纷解决机制之间的关系问题理论界却有着不同的观点。通过对这两种纠纷解决机制进行分析之后,本文认为,一方面,中华帝国统治制度的运作、小农经济所带来的社会结构与中国传统法律文化的合力决定了人民调解对民间调解的历史继承性;另一方面,人民调解是中国共产党在建立现代民族国家过程中的特定历史条件下所形成的独特法律制度,有其特有的逻辑性,它既不同于西方调解制度也没有完全继承中国帝制社会遗留下来的民间调解的传统。

Exploring the Relationship between the People's Mediation and the Traditional Civil Mediation

Although the Traditional Civil Mediation and the People's Mediation both resolve disputes by mediation,scholars have different opinions about the relationship between them.The paper aims to analyze the nature and characteristics of these two mediation mechanisms.Two implications are concluded.First,there is historical inheritance between the People's Mediation and the traditional civil mediation at some degree due to the influence of reign system,the traditional legal culture and the social frame based on the autarkic smallholder economy.Second,the People's Mediation has essential difference with the traditional civil mediation because the People's Mediation is a particular legal system with special logic and function during the special historical period when the Chinese Communist Party founded a modern national state.