人权公约与生命权的刑法保护的比较研究

生命权是国际社会公认的基本人权。珍爱生命、保护生命权日益成为联合国国际人权公约和国际社会所致力追求的目标。刑法作为一国法律体系的重要组成部分,由于其保护法益的广泛性、重要性及其对违法行为制裁的严厉性,使得刑法对公民生命权的保护较之其他部门法而言更具举足轻重的意义。但就刑法对生命权的保护方式而言,中外刑法则主要通过对杀人罪的规定与限制和废除死刑两种"相对"的———或称"因果"的方式而完成的。从《公民权利与政治权利国际公约》的角度,就我国刑法对生命权的保护及其立法完善进行探讨,能使现行刑法较好较早地与国际人权公约接轨。

A Comparative Study on Human Rights Convention and the Criminal Law Protection of Life Right

The life right is the generally acknowledged basic human rights of international community, with the (development) and progress of the human civilization, treasuring the life, protecting life right become the goal pursued by the international human rights convention of the United Nations and international community day by day.The Criminal law, as the important component of one country's legal system, because its protection extension, importance of the law benefit and the severe punishment to the illegal activities, has very important meanings to the protection of citizen's life right even more comparing with the laws of other departments. But as regards protection mode, Chinese and foreign punishment rule display it through the regulation of the homicide and the way of restriction and abolishing death penalty. From the point of"citizen's right and international convention of the political right ", the current criminal law can be integrated with the international human rights convention earlier better through the study of the life right protection and legislating perfecting of criminal law of our country.