The mobilization of counter-expertise: Using Fischer's model of policy inquiry

Conclusion In this case, Fischer's model of critical policy inquiry provided crucial support in the mobilization of counter-expertise to contest the arguments advanced by the government agencies. The outcome in this case depended not only upon the use of the model, but also upon a context of complex social and political factors. Nonetheless, the success of the residents of Heijplaat in saving their neighborhood shows that a model such as Fischer's helps to focus attention on questions that are inconvenient for the interests of official experts — and thus need to be raised.