契约效力与国家强制——以利益的冲突与保护为视角

民法从近代走到现代,国家强制与契约效力的关系变得越来越复杂,成为民法与行政法领域研究的一个难点。管制性强制规范所蕴含的国家利益、社会利益及公共利益有着不同的品性,强制性规范产生的缘由无非是为衡量与解决这些利益与个人利益的冲突,由此决定了以不同利益为目的的管制性强制规范在与意思自治发生冲突时可能产生不同的法律后果。在社会利益、公共利益及国家利益有替代保护的可能的情况下,应当尽可能地承认契约的私法效力,应当在最小的限度内承认公法对私法的限制。

The Validity of Contract and State Coercion: From the Angle of the Conflicts and Protection of Interests

With the development of civil law, the relation between the state coercion and the validity of contract becomes more and more complex, which is the difficult point of research in civil law and administrative law. The investigation of the present study begins with interests, the objective of regulations, and analyzes different coercive regulations by distinguishing national interests, social interests and public interests. Finally, after analyzing the conflicts between the aims of the country＇ s protection and the personal contract, the thesis makes a principal interpretation of the relation between the validity of contract and the coercive regulations.