重审三权分立的权力制衡价值——从理论解构到实践考证

三权分立能实现权力制衡是分权理论标榜的基本价值。对于三权分立能否实现制衡,可以从理论到历史去分析。从理论上讲,由于三权分立的边界是由宪法划分的,三权划分需要明确的宪法条文标准,而宪法文本的不确定性使之成为难题,按照分权理论的逻辑,分权也可能导致专制的出现,这是三权分立理论的悖论,另外,在历史的实践当中,也没有出现过分权理论所期望的三权制衡,三权分立和议行合一都是权力配置的手段,仅是国家权力的组织形式,关键是看那种形式更能实现社会各种利益的平衡。

On the Function of Three-power Separation System in the Realization of Balance of Power-From Theoretical Deconstruction to Empirical Practice

It is the essential value held by decentralization theory that three -power separation system can realize the balance of power .As to whether three-power separation system can realize the balance , we can analyze it from theory to history .Theoretically speaking , the boundary of three-power separation is made certain by the Constitution , so three-power separation needs to be an explicit article of the Constitution .But the constitution text is ambiguous , which makes it become a difficult problem .In addition , according to the logic of decentralization theory , three-power separation is likely to result in the emergence of autarchy , which is the contradicting view of decentralization theory .In addition , the balance of three-power separation can＆#39;t come true in expectation of decentralization theory in the historical practice .