美国知识产权法典化考察与镜鉴

美国知识产权基本制度经历了由州法向联邦法、由判例法向成文法演进的历史进程,并且最终呈现出有限法典化特征和二元复合结构。美国知识产权基本制度的演进轨迹和制度现状,显示出形式主义和实用工具主义法律观念切换交融的基本脉络。在“后民法典”时代的中国知识产权法典化进程中,可向美国吸收两方面经验。第一,法典化运动是建立和完善知识产权公私法律保护机制的重要路径。第二,形式主义法律观念应当同实用工具主义法律观念彼此对观和相互借鉴。作为形式主义法律观念的产物,知识产权法典化的进程应当坚持价值统一和形式多元的综合模式。

The U.S.Codification of Intellectual Property Legal system and China's Enlightenment in the Post-Civil Code Era

The basic structure of intellectual property in the U nited States has undergone the main historical process of evolution from state law to federal law,from case law to statutory law,and finally presents a typical hybrid characteristic of legal systems and a dual comprehensive structure.The evolution track and current status of the basic system of intellectual property rights in the United States show the superiority of th e system of switching and blending legal concepts between formalism and practical instrumentalism.In the process of Chinese intellectual property codifi cation in the"post-civil code"era,two experiences can be absorbed from the United States:First,the codifi cation movement is an important way to establish and improve the public and private law protection mechanisms for intellectual property rights.Second,in the process of codifi cation of intellectual property rights,legal formalism,and legal practical instrumentalism should learn from each other.The breeding and establishment of intellectual property codes should adhere to the integrated approach of value unity and diversification of forms.