东南亚民主化浪潮中的女领袖现象探析

自20世纪80年代中期民主化浪潮以来,东南亚涌现出众多女领袖,她们因为是著名男性政治家的妻女而对民众有较大的号召力;因为具有非暴力和温顺的女性特质而得到对长期专制统治极度不满的民众的拥戴;因为追求自由、民主和人权的理想而被视为民主的象征;因为个人能力而在危机中挺身而出。这些使她们能在民主化浪潮中成为领袖,团结反对派力量,挑战专制统治。但东南亚女领袖现象并不是妇女地位提高的标志,也不表明父权制的式微,因为正是父权制为女领袖提供了支持,而女领袖并不挑战父权制,相反,她们利用并维护父权制。

Analysis on Female Leaders and Democratization in Southeast Asia

Since the wave of democratization in 1980s,numerous female leaders have emerged in Southeast Asia.They are appealing because of their identity of wives or daughters of famous male politicians;popular because of their female characters of non-violence and obedience which took the fancy of people dissatisfied with the long-term dictatorship;viewed as the symbol of democracy because of their pursuing freedom,democracy and human rights;put forward because of their outstanding ability.All of these factors made them the leaders in the wave of democratization,uniting oppositions and challenging the dictatorship.The emerging of female leaders in Southeast Asia,however,cannot be regarded as a sign of the rising of female’s status,and the decline of patriarchy.It is patriarchy that has sustained these female leaders.As a result,rather than challenged it,female leaders took advantages of patriarchy and maintained patriarchy.