日军遗华化学武器诉讼案及其前景析——兼论日本的战后责任问题

近年来,日军遗华化学武器致人伤亡事件不断发生,从1996年起中国受害者就开始在日本法院提起民间索赔诉讼,但迄今无一最终胜诉.民间赔偿不同于战争赔偿,中国受害者的民间索赔诉讼属日本未尽的战后责任问题,这不仅涉及受害者利益,而且关乎中日关系.2006年4月3日中国民间对日索赔联合会在北京成立,开启了中国民间对日索赔的国内诉讼程序.另一方面,中国政府也应从各方面给受害者的索赔诉讼提供支持,包括尝试国际求偿.但这一问题的解决最终还有赖于日本正确看待其侵略历史,彻底履行战争责任.

Analysis on Civil Compensation for Chinese Victims of the Japanese Abandoned Chemical Weapons——And problems on Japanese post-war obligations

The chemical weapons abandoned by Japanese army when they invaded China have been injured Chinese people since World War II.None of the lawsuits that the victims claiming civil compensation from Japanese government has won since 1996.War reparation and civil compensation are two different forms of national obligations,they are independent from each other and should be taken into consideration separately.The civil compensation is the post-war obligation of Japan,it concerns not only the profit of the victims,but also Sino-Japanese relationship.A Federation of Civil Compensation was founded in Beijing in 2006 and the victims will begin to litigate in China.The optimistic prospect of the litigations both in Japan and China will in the end depend on the sincerity of understanding and self-examination about its aggressive history of Japanese government. It is also the only way to develop a healthy relationship between Japan and China.