近代国人对郑成功形象的塑造与精神的传承——以报刊文献中的郑成功传记为中心

晚清以前，郑成功正面至多是以“遗民忠义”的“忠烈”形象受人景仰。19世纪末20世纪初，随着西方民族主义思潮的传人，革命者开始用近代民族国家的视角重新塑造和认识中国既往的历史。郑成功因其“排满驱荷开拓台湾”的历史功绩及极富传奇色彩的生平，尤被晚清革命者所看重。在后者的阐释下，作为“反清英雄”的代表人物之一，郑成功形象发生“近代转型”，既迎合了反清革命宣传的需要，又是重构民族历史的重要组成部分。民国成立后，郑成功的英雄形象融入了国人的历史记忆之中，因应时代的需求，一直成为激励国人奋发图强、救亡图存的精神资源。抗战胜利后，郑成功又被作为光复台湾的精神象征而受到国人的进一步推崇。

On Shaping the Image and Inheriting the Spirit of Zheng Chenggong in Modern China——Based on the Biography of Zheng Chenggong from Newspapers and Periodicals

Before the late Qing Dynasty, Zheng Chenggong had been esteemed and admired as an image of the ＂martyr＂ of adherents of loyalty. At the end of nineteenth century and early twentieth Century, with the introduction of western nationalism, revolutionaries began from a modern national perspective to reshape and understand the previous history of China. Due to his historical merits and legendary life in fighting against Qing Dynasty and expelling the Holland aggressors, Zheng Chenggong was particularly praised and valued by the revolutionaries at that time. In the revolutionaries＇ interpretation, as one of the represent- atives of the anti-Qing hero, his mage transformation in modern times had taken place, which not only met the need of the anti- Qing revolutionary propaganda, but also constituted again an important part of the national history. After the founding of Re- public of China, the heroic image of Zheng Chenggong became engraved on the historical memory of the Chinese people, which, because of the demand of the times, has been turned into the spiritual resources that are always inspiring our people to work harder and to save our nation from subjugation. In addition, thanks to his special status between the two sides, Zheng Chenggong, known as a spiritual symbol of the recovery of Taiwan, has been esteemed and admired more than ever before by the Chinese people.