内蒙古乌盟六号辽墓契丹族古尸研究

1981年11月,内蒙乌盟出土一具距今约900年的契丹族女性干尸。头戴鎏骨金面具,身套铜丝网络,尸体外形保存较完整。全身骨骼完好,其主要化学组成为钙和磷。内脏呈棕黑色粉末状。肺如干枯的树叶紧贴于左右胸腔后壁。显微镜下可见肺泡及间质的轮廓和细菌芽孢。腹膜虽已干枯,但仍呈半透明状,并可见血管网的痕迹。其余内脏不能辨认。胃区组织中检出大量的砷。关于古尸保存的原因,本文也进行了分析。

STUDY ON THE LIAO DYNASTY QIDAN ANCIENT CADAVER EXCAVATED FROM THE INNER MONGOLIA TOMB 6

In November 1981,an ancient female cadaver of Qidan nationality in wulanchatu League of Inner Mongolia was excavated.This cadaver was estimated approximately 25 year of age.She has been buried for about 900 years.The cadaver was a mummified corpse,and preserved in a comparatively intact state. The hair was intact and dark brown in colour.All viseral organs were dreg-like and dark brown in colour.The individual organ could not be identified from its exernal appearance.Only lungs were preserved,adhering to the back of the thoracic cavity and looked like dry leaves.The peritonem was dry and translucent and contained a few blood vessels.The muscles were also dry and dark brown or brownish gray in colour. The alveoli and the parenchma of the lung as well as bacterial spores were identified.The histological structure of tissues from the heart region looked like the cross section of cardiac fiber.Collagenous fibers were seen.Other tissues were mostly autolyzed. The cadaver were group B.According to results of toxic analysis,larger amount of arsenic was demonstrated in tissues from the stomach region.So it was deduced that the lady might die of an arsenical poisoning. Factors involving in the well preservation of this case are discussed.