缅甸"金三角"的人文地理与毒品贸易

60年代至70年代,罗星汉和罗星民两兄弟是"金三角"最大的毒枭.80年代冒出了一个臭名远扬的坤沙,取代罗星汉,成为"金三角"的头号大毒枭.90年代正当坤沙的势力日渐式微的时候,又冒出了更多年富力强、神通广大的新毒枭.新的海洛因王国还伴随着前几年缅甸国内发生的两起重大政治事件而兴旺发达起来.自1989年缅共发生内讧导致该地区的内战结束后,原缅共的指挥官和干部获准在缅甸北部地区自由行动.这种自由行动同政府允许他们自由操业的政策结合在一起,使该地区发生了一个明显的变化,那就是毒品加工从比较简单的生鸦片生产工序发展到建立先进的海洛因提炼厂.

Human Geography and Drug Traffic across the "Golden Triangle"

Until a few years ago, nearly all laboratories - where raw opium is refined into No4 heroin - were located along Myanmar's southern border with Thailand This is the bailiwick of Khun Sa Now, however, he seems to be losing ground to a new generation of more influential and better-connected warlords in Myanmar's northern Kokang area, adjacent to YunnanThis new heroin empire has emerged in the wake of two important political events in Myanmar over the past few years Former CPB commander and cadres have been allowed to travel freely throughout northern Myanmar since their mutiny in 1989 ended the civil war in the region This freedom of movement, coupled with the government's policy of permitting the former insurgents to operate their own businesses, has seen a significant switch in the region away from the relatively simple process of harvesting of raw opium to the establishment of heroin refineries