“人民拥护不拥护”：一切标准中的根本标准——对邓小平历史检验标准思想的历史和逻辑分析

1978年党的十一届三中全会以来,我国经历了否定"文革",以经济建设为中心、改革开放和确立社会主义市场经济体制三个阶段.相应地在哲学思想上经历了"实践标准"、"生产力标准"、"人民拥护标准"的主题转换这样一条主线.标准问题的不同主题讲的是认识和实践问题的三个不同方面检验的途径及客观标准、主观标准和检验的主体.在实践过程中,检验的主体依据实践结果提供的客观标准和依据理想目的提供的主观标准,在二者的互相对照、检验、修正中使实践向着合乎规律和合乎目的的方向发展.在当前,只有把"指导社会实践和检验评价实践结果的主体--人民大众"这一主题通过相应的民主制度和程序而在实际中真正贯彻下去,才能有可靠的政治保障使改革开放始终代表人民利益,使中国社会持续和良性地发展.在这个意义上,我们说"人民拥护不拥护"是一切标准中的根本标准.

The People's Support:Basic Criterion among All the Criterions--Historical and Logical Analyses on DENG Xiao-ping's Thought of Historical Criterion

since the third plenary session of the eleventh central committee in 1978, our country has gone through three stages of Cultural Revolution, reform and opening up centered on economic construction, and establishment of socialist market economy. Correspondingly in the side of philosophy, we have also gone through such a main line on the theme conversion of practice criterion, productivity criterion and the people's support criterion. The different theme of criterion involves three different aspects on knowledge and practice: channels of inspection, objective criterion and subjective criterion, and subjects of inspection. In the course of practice, the subjects of inspection makes practice develop towards the direction of law and purpose according to the objective criterion offered by practical result and the subjective criterion offered by ideal purpose through mutual contrast, inspection and correction. We can have reliable political guarantee to make reform and opening up represent people interests consistently, and make China society develop continued and well so long as we implement this essay of "the subject to guide and inspect practice is the people" into the reality by relevant democratic system and program. In this sense, we can say " the people's support " is the basic criterion in all criterions.