美国第115届国会涉台立法探析

第115届美国国会的涉台立法在立法数量上达到空前规模。这些立法有些已通过立法程序而成为公共法律,有些尚未完成立法程序,内容涉及美台之间的政治、经济、军事交往,以及对台军售和台湾的国际参与等诸多方面。以《与台湾交往法》为代表的涉台立法挑战了"一个中国"的政策,破坏了中美关系的政治基础,对中美关系产生了严重的负面影响。美国涉台立法的这一现象反映出在两岸力量对比发生明显有利于大陆的变化后,美国行政和立法部门试图以立法手段实现对台湾的"再保证"。虽然美国涉台立法的实施取决于行政部门对相关政策可行性的认知和判断,但以《与台湾交往法》为代表的涉台立法已成为中美关系的破坏性因素。

An Analysis of Taiwan-Related Legislation of the 115th Congress of the United States

The 115 th U.S.Congress’Taiwan-related legislation has reached an unprecedented scale in terms of the number of bills introduced,including those that became American public law and those that failed to complete the legislative process.The bills address many aspects,such as political,economic and military exchanges between the United States and Taiwan,arms sales to Taiwan,and Taiwan’s international participation.The Taiwan-related legislation,represented by the Taiwan Travel Act,challenges the One-China policy in terms of its basic content,which could seriously impact Sino-U.S.relations,and might even completely destroy the political basis of Sino-U.S.relations.The Taiwan-related legislation reflects the high strategic consensus of the U.S.executive and legislative branches in coping with the changes in the strength differential between the two sides of the Taiwan Strait.The Taiwan-related legislation is used as a strategic means to reassure Taiwan.Although the implementation of the Taiwan-related legislation depends on the executive branch’s judgment on the feasibility of policy,the Taiwan-related legislation in the 115th Congress,represented by the Taiwan Travel Act,has become a new destructive factor to Sino-U.S.relations.