检察机关食品公益诉讼探讨

2011年《民事诉讼法(修改稿)》草案审议时,许多学者提出了食品公益诉讼的概念,使公益诉讼再次成为热议的焦点。就司法实务而言,重要的不是讨论食品公益诉讼的必要性和可行性,而是探究食品安全公共利益在法律上的具体诉求,以及如何满足其诉求。本文以检察机关提起食品公益诉讼为例,借用经济学上外部性理论,从公益诉讼的保护对象入手,分析食品公益诉讼的客体及其请求权基础,并结合诉讼法的基本命题,论证食品公益诉讼的诉讼请求、损失的计算以及举证责任等问题,进而划分公益诉讼与行政权、私权在诉讼法上的衔接界线。

Procuratorial Organs and the Safe Food Public Interest Litigation

Safe food public interest litigation is currently the focus of discussion.In judicial practice,the center of discussion is not its necessity and feasibility but its specific demands in law and how to meet these demands.The present study takes the prosecution of public interest litigation over food safety as an example,uses economical externality theory,analyses the object of safe food public interest litigation and the basis of claim right from the perspective of the protection object of the public welfare lawsuit,takes the basic proposition of procedure law into consideration,demonstrates the relevant issues such as the litigation requests loss calculation and the burden of proof,and then divides the borderline of public interest litigation and administrative right,private right in the civil law.