再论司法鉴定统一立法——兼评新刑诉法中鉴定制度的变化

新刑诉法对鉴定制度有诸多改进,如：将鉴定结论改为鉴定意见、初步建立起中国式＂专家证人＂制度、打通了法庭寻求专门知识的人帮助的通道等,但如鉴定启动权的配置、鉴定机构设置等问题却仍未解决。刑诉法调整的乏力,再次证明只有制定统一的《司法鉴定法》才能实质性解决我国鉴定制度存在的问题。从必要性上看,统一立法既是完善鉴定制度的需要,又是保障法制统一和理顺鉴定管理机制的需要;从可行性上看,当前具备时代背景、民意基础和客观条件。在统一立法时,要处理好适度超前与立足实际、精密立法与开门纳谏、统一立法与既有立法的关系,以《全国人民代表大会常务委员会关于司法鉴定管理问题的决定》为基础,找准着力点推进立法。

Another Discussion on the Uniform Legislation of Forensic Appraisal——Comments on Changes of the Forensic Appraisal System in the Amended Criminal Procedure LawAnother Discussion on the Uniform Legislation of Forensic Appraisal

In the amended Criminal Procedure Law, there are some improvements in the system of forensic appraisal, such as： the term of ＂appraisal conclusion＂ is changed to ＂appraisal opinion＂, the establishment of Chinese-style ＂expert witness＂ system, and judges have the right to seek experts＇ help. But there are still some important issues left unresolved in the new law, such as： the right to start forensic appraisal, and the establishment of forensic appraisal institutions. The weakness of Criminal Procedure Law in coordination shows that it is necessary to enact a uniform Forensic Appraisal Law. At present, the enactment of a ＂Forensic Appraisal Law＂ is not only necessary to improve the of the legal system and rationalize the management mechanism of system of forensic appraisal, but also to safeguard the unity forensic appraisal. From the perspective of feasibility, the current society and the public opinion favor uniform legislation. In the unified legislation, we need to deal with the relationships between outstrip and practicability, precise legislation and open to advice, uniform legislation and the existing legislation. And based on the 2005 ＂Decision on the Administration of Forensic Appraisal by the Standing Committee of the National People＇s Congress＂, we should find out the focus point to promote the legislation.