清代成案的效力和其运用中的论证方式——以《刑案汇览》为中心

以《刑案汇览》中运用成案裁决案例的基本史料为基础 ,并借鉴现代判例制度的理论 ,从法律推理的角度探讨成案的具体论证方式及其中所体现的法律思维过程 ,可以较为清楚的认识清代成案制度的性质、特色以及当时法律结构的模式。清代成案具有较明显的司法效力 ,是一种重要的法律渊源 ;清代对成案的运用已形成一套富有特色、较为复杂的论证方式 ,但与现代判例制度相比 ,在区别技术方面具有明显的缺陷。这是当时的权力分配体制和法律思维方式共同作用的产物

Leading Cases in the Qing Dynasty: Legal Effect and Method of Justification in Its Application

Based on the cases in Xing-an-hui-lan (Conspectus of Penal Cases) in which leading cases were taken as legal source, this article tries to clarify the effect of leading cases in Qing judicial practice, to illustrate from the perspective of modern methodology of precedent the method of justification and process of legal reasoning, and to explore the features and characteristics of leading case system as well as the structure of law in the Qing Dynasty. The author concludes that leading cases had distinct judicial validity as an important legal source in the Qing Dynasty, and that a distinctive and complicated methodology of justification was established in their application. However, due to the distribution of power and mode of legal thought at that time, leading case system in Qing Dynasty was short on distinguishing technique as compared with modern precedents.