习近平关于市场公平竞争重要论述的经济法解读

立足时代和实践的理论发展从来都是马克思主义的基本品格,习近平总书记科学回答了进入新时代以来中国社会主义市场经济的实践之问,形成了关于市场公平竞争及其法治的系列重要论述,与马克思主义竞争(发展)观一脉相承,成为马克思主义中国化最新发展——习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想体系的重要组成部分。新的思想反过来指引新时代经济法治尤其竞争法治实践更好发展,所以,充分挖掘和准确理解习总书记关于市场公平竞争及其法治系列重要论述的内涵意义重大。在我国社会主义市场经济发展和建立现代市场体系进程中,坚持公平竞争和实现竞争法治始终是其最基本特征和最重要要求;正确处理政府干预与市场竞争关系始终是竞争法治的核心指导原则;依据该原则,市场在资源配置中起决定性作用和更好发挥政府作用,二者缺一不可。围绕该原则,竞争法治在宏观和微观层面有其不同的目标和导向:宏观方面,构建统一开放、竞争有序的市场体系是基本要求,而竞争政策基础地位的确立是实现该要求的应然选择;微观方面,应着力通过做“减法”即减轻企业的竞争负担和做“加法”即增加企业的竞争机会相结合的方式,共同保障企业自由竞争,同时注重以竞争法和公平竞争审查制度规制行政性垄断来保障企业公平竞争。

Economic Law Explanation of Xi Jinping’s Articulation of Market-Based Fair Competition

General Secretary Xi Jinping's rule of law on competition is an important part of his thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era.Among other things,correctly handling the relationship between the government and the market is the core guiding principle of rule of law on competition.According to this principle,the decisive role played by the market and the role better played by the government are both indispensable.Based on this principle,the rule of law on competition has different goals and orientations at the micro and macro levels.On the micro level,efforts should be made to protect enterprises'free competition by combining“subtraction”(i.e.reducing the competition burden of enterprises)and“adding”(i.e.increasing competition opportunities for enterprises).At the same time,we should focus on the regulation of administrative monopoly by competition law and fair competition review to ensure the fair competition.On the macro level,the establishment of a unified,open and competitive market system is the basic requirement,and the establishment of the basic status of competition policy is the right choice to achieve this requirement.