市场经济政府行为的宪政维度探索

本文从转型经济的实践出发,针对政府--市场两分法的局限性,提出了宪 法--政府--市场三分法的分析框架。并根据这一框架对中国的经济转型进行了研究。 中国经济转型的经验表明政府行为与经济转型的效率之间存在很强的相关性。本文的一 个基本判断是政府的角色与定位己成为影响中国经济转型的关键因素,经济转型面临法 治资源稀缺的瓶颈约束。政府目前不仅直接拥有和控制着规模巨大的资本与资源,而且仍 然具有"裁判"与"球员"双重身份,对政府权力的软约束所产生的后果是对政府与市场之 间的距离缺乏有效的界定,经济转型的政府成本上升。因此,建立公正、透明和有权威性的 宪法规则与秩序,对于中国这类历史上宪政资源缺失的国家的经济转型有着特别的含义。

Government and Market: Review by Constitutional Economy

To counter the limitations in concept of one dividing into two with government and market, the authors advance the analytical structure based on the concept of one dividing into three with constitution, government and market, in a practical point of view. Through the experiments of economic transition in China from the concept of constitutional economics, the authors find out that government role is still the critical problem to the economic transition in China. Because of the soft confinement to political power, the increasing costs of the government limit the efficiency of its economic transition. The basic conclusion is that constitutional system and market system is a set of complementary systematic arrangement to each other; only by constitutional establishment can we bound the distance of government and market and such an order has a special meaning to China.