哲学作为爱自由的学问

自由是哲学--爱智作为学术--科学的最为核心的概念和问题,哲学对它的认识也有一个深化、成熟的过程.这一过程在欧洲哲学中大体上经历了三个阶段和层面:在古代希腊创始阶段,希腊哲人摆脱知识之原始经验技术之束缚,确立了自由知识之地位;至康德哲学,自由通过实践理性上升至哲学之最高层面,使道德以自由--职责为基础;由康德经过黑格尔直到海德格尔,自由由理念回到存在.对于自由的历史考察,可以看出主体--客体、有限--无限、存在--非存在、生--死等问题的内在关系.

Philosophy as a Subject Desiring Freedom

This paper is trying to study the kernel position of Freedom in European philosophy with a general view of the history of desiring the Freedom in philosophical minds.Three steps are mentioned in this paper: in ancient Greek,the free science was understood as totally different from the primitive technical knowledge,and this Free Knowledge made the philosophy born;then Kant introduced the concept of Freedom into philosophy,putting the practical reason-morality-Freedom at the top of philosophy;then Kant throug...