涉嫌酒后驾驶交通事故人体损伤与驾驶员血中乙醇质量浓度关系研究

目的探讨涉嫌酒后驾驶所致道路交通事故中人体损伤情况与驾驶员血中乙醇质量浓度关系,为预防、控制道路交通事故及人体损伤提供依据。方法对467例涉嫌酒后驾驶机动车的道路交通事故损伤人员相关鉴定资料与肇事驾驶员血中乙醇质量浓度进行系统分析性研究。结果涉嫌酒后驾驶发生道路交通事故的损伤人员中,以20~39岁男性居多;事故中驾驶员损伤机率最高;酒后交通事故以长头小车及摩托车最多,而驾驶员血中乙醇质量浓度（BAC）为0.1~20mg/100mL浓度的摩托车驾乘人员伤亡构成比最高;酒后驾驶机动车肇事导致的人体致命性损伤及人员死亡的饮酒组危险程度均高于未饮酒组,在驾驶员血中乙醇质量浓度（BAC）为0.1~20mg/100mL组与20.1~80mg/100mL组比较无明显差异。结论酒后驾驶肇事导致的人员伤亡比未饮酒驾车交通事故严重;未达酒后驾车组（BAC为0.1~20mg/100mL）和酒后驾车组（BAC为20.1~80mg/100mL）交通事故导致的人员伤亡无明显差异。研究结果提示,应降低饮酒后驾车血中乙醇质量浓度（BAC）法定标准阈值,进一步控制和减少道路交通事故人身伤亡率。

The Relationship between Road Traffic Accident Injury and Blood Alcohol Concentration of Drivers

Objective To explore the relationship between traffic accident injury and blood alcohol concentration（BAC） in sus- pected drunk driving. Method 467 cases of road traffic accidents caused by suspected drunk driving were analyzed statistically. Results Difference in gender was not significant, but most accidents makers were male drivers aged 20-39 years. The largest proportion of these casualties was drivers. Most drunk drivers making traffic accidents were motorcyclists and long head vehicle drivers. Motorcyclists, whose BAC ranged from 0.1 to 20 mg/lOOmL, caused the largest casualties. Drunk drivers are more likely to cause greater traffic accident casualties than non-drinking drivers. Nevertheless, the number of casualty of BAC 0.1- 20 mg/100mL group was not significantly different from that of BAC 20.1-80mg/10OmL group. Conclusion The BAC criteria for drunk driving should be stricter in order to reduce the injuries and casualties caused by traffic accidents.