利多卡因硬膜外麻醉和静脉注射致死的动物模型

目的建立利多卡因硬膜外麻醉和静脉注射致死的动物模型。方法本地杂种犬18只其中6只经硬膜外腔、6只经股静脉注射利多卡因(63.35mg/kg体重),对照组3只经硬膜外腔、3只经股静脉按注射生理盐水(3.2ml/kg体重)。观察动物致死过程的生命体征变化及死后各组织器官的病理改变特点。结果硬膜外麻醉致死犬心电、血压和呼吸消失的平均时间分别为28 min(22~45 min)、23.6 min(20~42 min)、22 min(18~35 min);静脉注射致死犬血压、心电和呼吸消失的平均时间分别为6.5 min(5~8min)、8 min(6~10min)、7.2 min(4~9min);各器官病理改变均呈淤血、水肿等征象。结论该模型实验动物的表现和生命特征变化符合椎管内麻醉中毒、致死的表现,可用于利多卡因麻醉意外致死案件的法医学鉴定研究。

Establishment of a canine model of death due to epidural or intravenous administration of overdose Lidocaine

Objective To establish a canine animal model of death by epidural or intravenous ad-ministration of overdose lidocaine.Methods 18 healthy mongrel dogs were employed.Overdose lidocaine(63.35mg/kg) was epidurally delivered through catheter in 6 dogs and intrvenously in 6 dogs respectively.The rest6 dogs were used as control,among which 3 were given saline(3.2ml/kg) epidurally and 3 intr-venously.The vital signs incliding ECG,blood pressure and respiration were recorded continuously fromad-minstration of overdose lidocaine to death.Both macroscopic and microscopic examinations of the organswere performed.Results Toxic signs such as dyspnea,polysialia,constricted pupils and muscular tremor,etc.occurred shortly after receiving overdose lidocaine in all the dogs.The blood pressure,ECG and respi-ration of the dogs were not detectable within average 28 min(22 ~45min),23.6 min(20 ~42 min) and21.4 min(16 ~35min) respectively after epidural adminstration of overdose lidocaine,and within average6.5 min(5 ~8 min),8 min(6 ~10 min) and 7.2 min(4 ~9 min) respectively after intravenous admin-istration.All the organs examined revealed congestion and edema pathologically.Conclusion The manifes-titions and vital sign changes of the animals are consistent to the conditions in those died of the anestheticaccidents due to overdose lidocaine adminstration,which may be useful for the medicolegal investigation ofdeath due to intoxication of overdose lidocaine in anesthetic accident.