基于网络计划的应急预案的可操作性研究

制定应急预案是突发事件应急管理的重要内容,而可操作性则是应急预案的基本要求.我国已经制定了很多应急预案,但这些应急预案是否具有可操作性并不确定,也难以全部通过演练来判断,目前,国内外在应急预案可操作性方面的研究有限,因此,在应急预案综述研究的基础上,提出可操作性预案的制定步骤和可操作性预案应该包含的内容.把项目管理中的网络计划与应急预案相结合,将应急预案的应对过程看作项目,应对步骤看作工序,使用网络计划的形式来表达可操作性预案的应对过程,给出示例进行说明,并使用网络计划来分析应急预案的时间计划.在时间紧迫且资源不足的情况下,引进资源保障率的概念,使用网络计划分析应急预案对突发事件的处置效果,并可为未来的资源配置提供参考;最后,从应急预案的内容等方面提出一个综合评估的指标体系,对应急预案的可操作性进行评估.主要为可操作性应急预案的制定和评估提供参考.

Research on Operability of Emergency Plans

Making Emergency plans is an important component in emergency management and operability is the basis of emergency plans. Though in China many emergency plans have been made, it is difficult to test their operability by drilling and there is little literature on the operability of emergency plans. So this paper summarizes the literature on emergency plans and proposes how to make operable emergency plans. Firstly, this paper combines the emergency plans with network and expresses the operable emergency plans with network, regarding the procedure of an emergency plan as a project and the steps in emergency plans as working procedure. Then this paper analyzes the time plan of emergency plan use network and proposes the idea of rate of resource guarantee to analyze the effect of emergency plans when the resource is scarce. Finally, this paper evaluates the operability of emergency plans by a comprehensive index system, which will provide references for making and assessing operable emergency plans.