论国际人权法对国际刑法的影响

冷战结束后,国际人权法获得了较为广阔的生长空间,国际刑法也进入复兴和快速发展的阶段。国际人权法对国际刑法各个领域的影响都十分明显,从基本原则到具体规则,从实体法到程序法,从刑罚制度设计到刑罚的执行,并努力在保护被害人与保障被告人权利两者之间保持微妙的平衡。然而,透过国际人权法推动国际刑法发展的帷幔,不难发现其背后＂人权＂和＂主权＂之间的紧张博弈：为保护人权,国际人权法引领着国际刑法试图突破国家领土的藩篱进而穿透国家主权的坚硬＂铠甲＂;国家则奋力祭起＂主权＂大旗并诉诸＂司法独立＂的坚固盾牌,抵御某些外部政治实体利用国际刑事司法机构干涉其内政、侵蚀其＂司法独立＂,以最大限度地维护国家利益。

The Impact of International Human Rights Law on International Criminal Law

When the Cold War came to a closure eventually,international human rights law enjoyed a relatively larger space for further evolution,and international criminal justice has also stepped into a period of renaissance and rapid development as well.The impacts on all the aspects of international criminal law imposed by international human rights law are quite prominent but in multi-fold,namely,from general principles to particular rules,from substantive matters to procedure,from conviction and sentencing to service of penalty,and furthermore an endeavor has been made deliberately to keep a delicate balance between the two ends,i.e.,to protect the victims human rights violation,and to guarantee the rights of the accused concurrently.However,through the mosaic curtain shading promotion of international criminal law by human rights law,it is not hard to trace the fierce race between human rights and sovereignty：On the one hand international human rights law leads international criminal law in attempting to penetrate castle of national territory by coercion,and moreover to pierce hard coat of arms of the state sovereignty;on the other hand,to maintain their State interest at a maximum extend,the states have to resort to huge banner of sovereignty and take independence of justice as a solid shield to exclude judicial intervention in their internal affairs and eroding independent domestic judiciary system by external political entities via international criminal mechanism.