世界贸易组织补贴规则研究

世界贸易组织法律体系中关于补贴问题主要规定在三个法律文件之中,即《补贴与反补贴措施协议》(以下简称《补贴协议》)、《农业协议》和《服务贸易总协定》。《补贴协议》只处理影响货物贸易的补贴,《农业协议》对农产品的补贴在《补贴协议》的大框架内有一些特殊规定,《服务贸易总协定》则另外规定了关于服务贸易的补贴。由于发达国家与发展中国家的经济实力的巨大悬殊以及它们对农业补贴的不同政策,从而导致了在货物贸易的补贴规则方面,两类国家之间存在着尖锐的利益不平衡,发展中国家必须为实现其与发达国家实质上的平等而继续奋斗。

Study on WTO Subsidy Rules

The stipulation of subsidy rules in WTO legal system can be found in three legal documents: Agreement for Subsidies and Countervailing Duties (hereinafter referred to as Subsidy Agreement), Agriculture Agreement and General Agreement on Service Trade. Subsidy Agreement deals with subsidy affecting cargo trading. Agriculture Agreement has some special stipulations on agricultural subsidy under the framework of Subsidy Agreement. General Agreement on Service Trade prescribes subsidies on service trade. This paper focuses on subsidy affecting cargo trading, which is based on Subsidy Agreement and Agriculture Agreement and put forward measures to counter WTO subsidy rules by describing in detail the conflicts of interest between developing countries and developed countries.