香港基本法的解释权——刍议全国人大常委会和香港法院在基本法解释上的关系

香港基本法的解释对于保证基本法的正确平稳实施具有重要作用,而关于基本法解释权的问题在最近的三次案例中都引起了颇多争议。本文先对有关的法律条文进行演绎分析,从而论证基本法的解释权归于全国人大常委会,香港法院可以解释基本法是缘于授权,对于自治范围外的条款需要提请常委会解释。再通过对比内地的法律解释体系和欧盟的先行裁决制度,并借助“法克坦姆案”来说明这样的制度设计无损于香港的司法独立。

The Power of Interpretation of the Hong Kong Basic Law——An Analysis of Relations of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress and the Courts of Hong Kong on the Interpretation of the Basic Law

The interpretation of the Hong Kong basic law is of great significance to the proper and steady implementation of the basic law.Recently,issues about the power of interpretation of the basic law have aroused enormous controversy in three cases.This article first applies deductive analysis upon relevant legal clauses,arguing that the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress is entitled to the power of interpretation of the basic law;the courts of Hong Kong can interpret the basic law only upon authorization,and the clauses beyond the limits of the autonomy of the Region shall be submitted to the Standing Committee for interpretation.The article then draws comparison between Chinese mainland's legal interpretation system and EU's preliminary judgment mechanism,as well as referring to the Factortame case,to prove that the design of the interpretation system of the basic law will not impair the judicial independence of Hong Kong.