氯胺酮在急性中毒大鼠体内的死后再分布研究

目的探索氯胺酮在大鼠体内的死后再分布变化规律及温度对再分布的影响。方法48只雄性SD大鼠随机分为2个实验组（室温组24只、冷藏组18只）和1个对照组（6只），实验组大鼠以氯胺酮290mg／kg灌胃，45min后缺氧处死，分别置于室温（24℃）和冷藏（4℃）条件下，于死后不同时间（0、12、24、48h）取心血、外周血、肝、肺、肾、心肌、大脑，检测其中氯胺酮含量；对照组大鼠以生理盐水灌胃，各对应组织器官样品为空白对照。血和组织样品中加入内标物SKF。。后碱化，乙酸乙酯萃取，GC／MS全扫描定性，内标法、工作曲线法气相色谱定量分析。结果室温条件下，大鼠死后48h内随着死亡时间延长，心血、肺、肝中氯胺酮的浓度呈升高趋势（P〈0．05），肾脏中氯胺酮的浓度先升高后下降（P〈0．05），外周血、心肌和脑中氯胺酮的浓度无显著性变化（P〉0．05）。冷藏条件下，血液及组织中氯胺酮浓度变化无显著性差异（P〉0．05），除心肌外，各样本浓度均低于相应时段室温条件保存的样本。结论氯胺酮在大鼠体内存在死后再分布现象。温度对大鼠死后血液及组织中氯胺酮浓度变化有较明显的影响。

Postmortem redistribution of ketamine in rats

Objective To explore the postmortem redistribution of ketamine in rats and the influence of temperature on postmortem redistribution.Methods The rats in experimental group were given the intragastric administration of ketamine with a dose of 290 mg/kg and executed by hypoxia after 45 min.The rat cadavers were preserved at 24℃and 4℃.The cardiac blood,peripheral blood,liver,lung,kidney, cardiac muscle and brain of the rat cadavers were taken out to detect the content of ketamine at different times after death(0h,12h,24h and 48h).The rats in control group were given the intragastric administration of physiologic saline,and their blood and tissues were taken out correspondingly to be used as blank.The blood and tissues samples,after added in the internal astandard(SKF_(525A)),were alkalified and extracted by ethyl acetate.The ketamine was analysed by GC/MS and GC.Results In 48h after rats death,the content of ketamine was going up in cardiac blood,lung,liver with time prolonging at temperatures of 24℃(P<0.05),the changing trend of ketamine content in kidney was ascending first and then descending(P<0.05) and no significant change could be seen in peripheral blood,brain and peripheral muscle(P>0.05).There was no significant difference be shown in the ketamine content changing,in blood and tissues,preserved at 4℃(P>0.05).Except for cardiac muscle,the ketamine content in blood and tissues samples preserved at 4℃was lower than that at 24℃.Conclusion The postmortem redistribution of ketamine really happened in rats.The concentration changes of ketamine in poisoned rat bodies at refrigeration temperature were smaller than that at room temperature.