欧盟的中亚援助实践研究——以向欧洲输送石油和天然气国家间(INOGATE)项目为例

自1991年中亚5国独立以来,欧盟就开始向中亚国家提供政府援助,截至2006年欧盟共向中亚国家提供了13.9亿欧元的援助资金。在2007年前的欧盟中亚援助政策中,尤以独联体技术援助计划(TAC IS)的地位最为突出。通过该计划,欧盟向中亚国家投入了6.5亿的援助资金,在中亚地区启动了包括向欧洲输送石油和天然气国家间(INOGATE)项目在内的一系列地区性援助项目。通过向中亚国家提供的援助,欧盟在该地区树立起了温和友善的良好形象,从而为欧盟在2007年6月出台完整的中亚战略奠定了坚实的基础。尽管欧盟的中亚援助政策饱受来自内外部意见的各种批评,但欧盟对自身援助政策的不断反思及其援助活动的低姿态与援助范围的全面性,能为中国向发展中国家提供援助和制定中亚战略提供一些有益的启示。

A Study on EU's Foreign Aids towards Central Asia——Take the INOGATE Program as an Example

From the beginning of the five countries in Central Asia won their independence,EU has begun to provide their aids,till 2006 these aids have totaled 1.39 billion.Among the aids before 2007,the role of Technical Aid to the Commonwealth of Independent States(TACIS) program is most significant.By implementing this program,EU has provided 0.68 billion to Central Asian countries,and helped them to carry out a lot of regional programs,such as the Interstate Oil and Gas Transport to Europe(INOGATE) program.Owing to this,EU has won a mild and friendly image in the people of this region,and also contributed to found a good foundation for EU to pass a new strategy towards Central Asia in June 2007.Although the aids of EU to Central Asian countries have met lots of critics from inside and outside of it,but they can provide some good insights into China's assistance to developing countries and designing Chinese strategy towards Central Asia.